{
 "url": "https://activatedigital.ai/knowledge/labs/product-proximity-permission",
 "title": "When Does Product Proximity Become a Permission?",
 "description": "Proximity is evidence, not permission. When UWB, Bluetooth or other proximity evidence can safely inform a product action, and what is checked first.",
 "territory": "evid",
 "category": null,
 "direct_answer": "**Proximity is evidence, not permission.** A phone, key, tool or product can be close enough for software to measure. That does not mean the nearby person or device is allowed to do anything. The useful architecture separates authentication, ranging, context and operation-specific authorisation before an action is permitted.",
 "last_verified": "2026-09-06",
 "verified_label": "Last verified",
 "datePublished": "2026-09-06",
 "dateModified": "2026-09-06",
 "legislation": [],
 "primary_sources": [
  {
   "url": "https://carconnectivity.org/digital-key-use-cases/",
   "name": "CCC Digital Key Use Cases, Car Connectivity Consortium"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://carconnectivity.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/CCC_Digital_Key_Whitepaper_Approved.pdf",
   "name": "CCC Digital Key White Paper, Car Connectivity Consortium"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://carconnectivity.org/certified-products-showcase/",
   "name": "CCC Certified Products Showcase, Car Connectivity Consortium"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.samsung.com/uk/support/apps-services/what-is-digital-key/",
   "name": "Samsung Digital Key support, Samsung"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.firaconsortium.org/node/726",
   "name": "FiRa seamless access systems, FiRa Consortium"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.firaconsortium.org/sites/default/files/2022-08/FIRA-Whitepaper-UWB-Secure-Ranging-August-2022.pdf",
   "name": "UWB Secure Ranging in FiRa, FiRa Consortium"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://csa-iot.org/newsroom/introducing-aliro-1-0-a-unified-standard-to-transform-the-access-control-ecosystem/",
   "name": "Introducing Aliro 1.0, Connectivity Standards Alliance"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://csa-iot.org/csa_product/c100/",
   "name": "C100 Aliro certified product, Connectivity Standards Alliance"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://csa-iot.org/csa_product/aqara-smart-lock-u400/",
   "name": "Aqara Smart Lock U400 Aliro certified product, Connectivity Standards Alliance"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/specs/core-specification-6-3/",
   "name": "Bluetooth Core Specification 6.3, Bluetooth SIG"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.bluetooth.com/learn-about-bluetooth/feature-enhancements/channel-sounding/",
   "name": "Bluetooth Channel Sounding, Bluetooth SIG"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.nccgroup.com/research/technical-advisory-ble-proximity-authentication-vulnerable-to-relay-attacks/",
   "name": "BLE Proximity Authentication Vulnerable to Relay Attacks, NCC Group"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity22/presentation/leu",
   "name": "Ghost Peak: Practical Distance Reduction Attacks Against HRP UWB Ranging, USENIX Security"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.schlage.com/en/home/smart-locks/sense-pro/technologies.html",
   "name": "Schlage Sense Pro: Ultra Wideband and Converge Technology, Schlage"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://nrfconnectdocs.nordicsemi.com/addons/door_lock_and_access_control/latest/wireless_technologies/uwb/door_lock_app_uwb.html",
   "name": "Nordic Door Lock and Access Control Add-on: UWB, Nordic Semiconductor"
  }
 ],
 "glossary_terms": [
  "https://activatedigital.ai/knowledge/glossary#nfc"
 ],
 "watch": [],
 "decisions": [],
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}